# conservation of energy lab physics

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Then, divide each value by 10 to obtain $d$ and $\sigma_{d}$. Mechanical energy consists two types of energy, Potential energy (energy that is stored) and kinetic energy (energy of motion). Law of Conservation of Energy by. On the LoggerPro window, click the green “Collect” button to start a trial. (If no energy enters or leaves a system, then the total energy in the system remains constant, although it may be converted from one form to another.) Using a Ten Pin Bowling Ball the team demonstrate a fundamental principle of Physics known as the Conservation Of Energy. energy of a system should be conserved when changing from kinetic to potential energy. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. Find the slope of your $\Delta PE$ vs. $\Delta KE$ plot, and compare it to your theoretical expectations based on the conservation of mechanical energy for an isolated system. LAB 3 CONSERVATION OF ENERGY 1001 Lab 3 ‐ 1 This week we have enough of the basic concepts to begin a discussion of energy itself. This graph displays how the amount of compression compares to the force in Newtons of the red spring. Therefore, the change in the potential energy $\Delta PE$ of the system, when the height $h$ of the falling mass $m$ changes by $\Delta h = h_{f} - h_{i}$, is given by: $$\Delta PE = PE_{f} - PE_{i} = mgh_{f} - mgh_{i} = mg\left(\Delta h\right) \tag{2}$$. In this lab, we worked to verify the principle of conservation of energy. Use the slope of your $v$ vs. $t$ plot to find the acceleration of the system (and its uncertainty), and then, (once again) use this value to calculate an estimate of the acceleration due to gravity $g$. Energy, as we have noted, is conserved, making it one of the most important physical quantities in nature. A light sensor at the end of the air track receives the LED signals, and the LoggerPro program in the computer measures and records the times when the light beam of the photogate is blocked or unblocked. Hypothesis: Energy of the system will be constant throughout. Similarly, since the mass and the glider move together, the velocity values $v$ calculated in LoggerPro using the picket fence distance and the times recorded by the photogate will apply to both the glider and the falling mass. Lab 13- Conservation of energy Law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of the system remains same, and energy cannot be created or diminish, it can just transform from one form to another. Then, click “OK.”. For an overview of Conservation of Energy, see Chapter 8 of either Katz or Giancoli. Each distance should be a multiple of your $d$ value; for example, if your first chosen point is the 2. Conservation of Energy Lab. Except where otherwise noted, content on this wiki is licensed under the following license. In the first part of the lab we were to find the spring constant of our spring. Conservation principles play a very important role in physics. Materials: - Loop-de-loop track - Metal ball - Camera (phone) - Ruler or measuring tape Explanation of lab: In this lab, a ball is sent through a loop-de-loop track. Purpose: Demonstrate the law of conservation of energy. Hence, using the picket fence distances, you can indirectly measure $\Delta h$. If your value is not consistent with theory, what assumptions were made that might not hold true in the non-ideal conditions of this experiment? The other end of the string is attached to a cart on an air track.An air track is like a one-dimensional air-hockey table: it ejects air in order to minimize friction. Therefore, the change in the kinetic energy of the system between two points during its motion may be expressed as: $$\Delta KE = KE_{f} - KE_{i} = \frac{1}{2}\left(M+m\right){v_{f}}^{2} - \frac{1}{2}\left(M+m\right){v_{i}}^{2} = \frac{1}{2}\left(M+m\right)\left({v_{f}}^{2}-{v_{i}}^{2}\right) \tag{1}$$. The animation below depicts this phenomenon (in the absence of air resistance). You can define this as zero for the first data point you record, and then use the distance traveled along the air track from that first point. In today's lab, we will investigate conservation of energy using an inclined plane and calculate how much energy is released as heat through friction. What may have affected your results? As you can see, the "purple" curve represents the pendulum bob's KE which during each cycle begins with an initial value of zero, increases to a maximum value, and then returns to zero Lab Report: Conservation of Energy-Spring Costant Objectives Materials Masking tape. We will discuss a … making measurements. For an isolated system, the total energy must be conserved. (This distance is analogous to the distance of a tape and space on the ruler from the Acceleration experiment.) Student Files In this lab, we were to confirm the Law of Conservation of Energy. A pendulum is initially displaced to a height h where it has 10 J of potential energy. Conservation of Energy. We set up the platform, a cart, and a photo gate. Lab # – Energy Conservation Considering all of these terms together, the ideal case predicts that the Total Energy of the spring-mass system should be described as follows: E total mv ky = + + C 2 2 1 2 1 Eq. The apparatus is called an “air track” because an air “cushion” reduces the friction between the glider and the track surface so much that we neglect friction altogether. For example, because $\Delta PE = PE_{f} - PE_{i}$, then using the addition/subtraction uncertainty rule gives: $\sigma_{\Delta PE} = \sqrt{\left(\sigma_{PE_{f}}\right)^{2} + \left(\sigma_{PE_{i}}\right)^{2}}$. Make sure that the LED on the base of the glider is facing the receiver at the end of the track. For your calculations, use your $\sigma_{d}$, $\sigma_{M}$, and $\sigma_{m}$ values from before, and assume that $\sigma_{t}=0$ due to the photogate's high precision. In this experiment, we will examine the law of conservation of total mechanical energy in a system by observing the conversion from gravitational potential energy to translational kinetic energy, using a glider on a frictionless air track that is pulled by a falling mass. Note that $\Delta h$ will be negative in this experiment, since the falling mass's final height $h_{f}$ is less than its initial height $h_{i}$. We utilized the percent difference equation in order to determine how well our calculated and measured velocity compared. The conservation principles are the most powerful concepts to have been developed in physics. Adjust the decimal placement number (“Places”) and the increment (“Increment”) if necessary. Of the data point values on the spreadsheet, disregard the first data point, and copy a wide selection of ~10 data points throughout the motion into your lab notebook. The lab is divided into three separate but related parts. Otherwise, no time measurements can be made. It may change in form or be transferred from one system to another, but the total remains the same. 6 where C is a constant. Energy is sometimes introduced as if it is a concept independent of Newtonʹs laws (though related to them). QUESTION 2: a) Write down the equation for the mechanical energy when the mass is at the top of the track (just before it is released).